Installation of a gas heating boiler in an apartment. Installation of a gas boiler in a private house requirements: sequence of work on installing gas boilers. Arrangement of the premises for the boiler

Dear forum users. For several years now I have been wanting to install a gas wall-mounted double-circuit boiler in my apartment. closed type. But I probably won’t achieve anything through official means; I always get rejected. Who knows or has encountered how this can be done and is it possible at all? My apartment is on the 5th floor of a Khrushchev building.

I have not met anyone who had a gas boiler legally installed in their apartment (with the exception of houses with apartment heating). There were several cases when people installed them without permission, but it all ended in dismantling and huge fines. And for some it still works quietly... Perhaps there is an official way (approval, preparation of a project, execution of specifications, etc.), we are waiting for further comments.

Who achieved it? Installation of a gas boiler in an apartment.

Useless. I tried to make it official a couple of years ago - the refusal came from architecture and city gas, the reason was that the facade was damp from the exhaust, individual ventilation ducts were needed, etc.

Who achieved it? Installation of a gas boiler in an apartment.

I don't know, maybe it was like this before. When I was studying at the institute, a heat engineering teacher showed us such modern customized systems heating systems that are installed in modern apartments. There was a gas boiler, a pipe system and an automatic temperature control system. I remember all the pipes were copper, soldered. In short, in old houses not intended for this purpose, it is unlikely that you will be able to obtain permission. Officially - due to the dampness of the facade and lack of ventilation. But in fact, it seems to me that they just don’t want to bother with heating networks and shutting down - cutting off standard heating pipes. This is hemorrhoids.

Who achieved it? Installation of a gas boiler in an apartment.

Guest wrote: Useless. I tried to make it official a couple of years ago - the refusal came from architecture and city gas, the reason was that the facade was damp from the exhaust, individual ventilation ducts were needed, etc.

Yeah, and everyone who is disconnected from the central heating station stops paying for heating and water heating, and then the money literally goes down the drain, because the operating efficiency of these boiler houses tends to 10%, whereas when using a gas boiler, a person pays only for gas and cold water, the costs are actually several times lower. And I wouldn’t be surprised if there is an unspoken order from above to “ban”. And the convenience cannot be compared - full climate control in your apartment.

Who achieved it? Installation of a gas boiler in an apartment.

Usually gas boilers installed in cottages or private houses. Because installation requires a special room. In addition, many conditions must be met. So it is unlikely that you will be allowed to connect legally.

Who achieved it? Installation of a gas boiler in an apartment.

Gas boilers are installed in apartments in the following cases:

Who achieved it? Installation of a gas boiler in an apartment.

20 Mar 2013, 06:45

Serg_i_K wrote: In apartments, gas boilers are installed in the following cases:
- initially the project provided for apartment heating with individual smoke and ventilation ducts.
- the decision was made to stop district heating Houses. In this case, a project must be made, in accordance with which the installation of boilers and the re-equipment of smoke and ventilation ducts are carried out.

Refurbished and separate apartments, there are cases described on the net. For some reason this problem is solved especially easily in Moldova, can anyone tell me why?

In Moldova, apparently supervisory authorities sluggish, so everything is easily resolved.

According to the requirements of regulatory and technical documents in force on the territory of the Russian Federation and technical regulations"about safety..." installation of gas boilers in an apartment is possible only for apartment heating(for the whole house), if provided for by the project. During reconstruction, the option of switching to “apartment-by-apartment” is also possible, but the requirements are strict, it is necessary to obtain permits from the authorized bodies. In this case, a renovation project is carried out to address safety issues and comply with current regulations.

Many people dream of gaining independence from companies that supply heat. This is why every second homeowner wants install autonomous heating in own apartment . But in the process of solving this issue, problems often arise. various kinds obstacles, including bureaucratic ones. The technical side of the issue requires no less close attention.

How to start the installation process?

The first stage of a long but effective path to energy independence is official refusal to receive heating network services. Then you should obtain permission to install autonomous heating in the apartment.

Before you receive permitting documentation , it is necessary to determine how the home will be heated and select the preferred energy carrier from these two options:

• electricity;
• natural gas.

The exception is when the house is served by a new boiler room, and the residents decide to consume solid fuel.

Autonomous gas heating of an apartment in an apartment building

On this moment Gas autonomous apartment heating is the most popular. When installing it, the user must perform the following requirements:

• Get technical specifications from the gas supply company, and then, based on them, make design documentation regarding the connection of additional gas-using devices to existing networks.
• Coordinate this project with the gas supplier.
• Since there are no chimney shafts in a regular apartment building, autonomous heating in an apartment involves leading a coaxial chimney outside through a hole in the wall. Experts recommend agreeing in writing on this procedure with your neighbors, since their windows will one way or another be in close proximity to the smoke diffuser.
• When it is planned to use autonomous heating of the apartment, the gas boiler should be installed in a room with sufficient supply and exhaust ventilation.
• Work on connecting heat generators can only be entrusted to a company that has permission to carry out such operations.

Electric heating device

Electricity is traditionally considered an expensive energy source, so users are less likely to choose this option. However, now there is legal way reduce energy costs. For this it is worth install modern electric meter , allowing you to keep track of consumption at different tariffs.

Otherwise, the procedure is identical to the previous option. Numerous approvals are required, now with the electricity supplier. Without a project autonomous heating can't be avoided either.

If you do not go through permitting procedures and simply use electricity within the established standards, then the gain compared to conventional centralized heating will be minimal, and besides, you will have to freeze, since in this case austerity cannot be avoided.

In addition to creating a project and agreeing on its parameters with the supplier company, the following steps need to be performed:

• install a multi-tariff electricity meter, its purchase and installation are carried out at the subscriber’s expense;
• take care of the reliability of electrical wiring. In cases where the cross-section of the wires is insufficient, or the wiring is very old, it will have to be changed;
• ensure compliance with conditions safe operation new electrical equipment.

Boiler selection

When a decision is made to install autonomous heating in an apartment, boilers are recommended to choose not floor-mounted, but wall-mounted. This allows you to save space in the room. There are both electric and gas models this configuration.

In addition, it is advisable rationally approach the choice of thermal power of the unit. Since the neighbors' heated apartments are located above and below, you should not be afraid of large heat losses. Traditionally, the first and second ones are considered colder. last floors, but even with this arrangement there is a basement or technical floor that reduces heat loss. Therefore, there is no need for a boiler with too high a power.

Experts consider it sufficient thermal power, corresponding to 100 W per 1 m2 of apartment. Surcharges and coefficients do not apply to this figure.

How much does it cost to install autonomous heating in an apartment?

When it comes to installing autonomous heating, many people are concerned about the cost. The cost of the procedure is largely determined by the price of the equipment.

Most effective when used natural gas considered a condensing boiler With high efficiency. It is not cheap, so instead they install turbocharged units equipped with a coaxial chimney and closed camera combustion.

A good way to gain absolute independence from the heating network and hot water supply at the same time is to purchase a double-circuit gas heat generator.

If we are talking about the electric version autonomous heating, then A wall-mounted heating element electric boiler is considered optimal.

Other models, in particular electrode and induction, require piping, additional equipment and control cabinet. Is it possible to install such devices in an apartment? It’s unlikely, because there simply won’t be enough space for them, and besides, it would violate electrical safety rules.

Another expense item is the replacement of radiators and pipes. This procedure is considered necessary when installing a new heating system.

Conclusion

When installing an autonomous heating system for an apartment, The main decision that a homeowner must make is the choice of energy source. In general, the cost of installing electric heating is lower, although it is more expensive during operation. To reduce energy costs, you can use a more favorable night tariff. At the same time installation gas equipment In many high-rise buildings impossible due to the fact that these objects are not connected to networks. The choice of the appropriate option is made in each specific case individually.

For heating a private house the best option, of course, is a gas boiler. This heating unit has a high efficiency and allows you to quite smoothly and flexibly regulate the intensity of heating of residential premises, sometimes even without the use of additional thermostatic devices. Today, gas is considered the most profitable fuel in terms of efficiency, so the cost of such a boiler will quickly pay for its purchase and installation costs.

If you plan to install gas boiler in a private house, the requirements for the room and the heating device itself must be clarified in advance. Having received general information, you can be sure that you have to collect a lot of different documents and go through several authorities. Therefore, it is worth preparing not only theoretically and technically, but even psychologically for these rather unpleasant, but, alas, necessary events.

Basic regulatory documentation for boiler installation

All this data can be found in SNiP (Building Norms and Rules) 02/31/2001, “Gas supply country house. Requirements and rules for installing gas equipment.”

In addition to this document, you need to review additional ones containing information on the arrangement of boiler rooms and the rules for installing the boiler. They can also be found in the “Building Codes and Regulations”:

• SNiP 41-01-2003 “Heating, ventilation and air conditioning”.
• SNiP 21-01-97 " Fire safety buildings and structures."
• SNiP 2.04.01-85 “Internal water supply and sewerage of buildings.”

To install a boiler room in a private house, you should study SNiP 2.04.08-87.

How is a boiler room equipped in a private house?

IN own home under heating equipment Usually a separate room is allocated. What requirements must the boiler room meet? – detailed information This is described in a separate publication on our portal.

Coordination of gas boiler installation

In order to install a gas boiler in a private house or apartment, it will not be enough to study the SNiP documents. First, you need to obtain technical conditions that will become the basis for organizing further work on connecting equipment to gas mains.

To do this, the home owner submits an application to the local gas supply service, which indicates the estimated gas consumption required for use in a particular building for heating and other needs. This parameter is calculated approximately on the basis of SNiP 31-02 standards, clause 9.1.3, which provides the average daily gas volume for a single-family house:

— gas stove(cooking) – 0.5 m³/day;

- hot water supply, that is, the use of running water gas water heater() - 0.5 m³/day;

- heating using domestic gas unit with connected water circuit (for middle zone Russia) - from 7 to 12 m³/day.

At the local organization that controls gas supply and installation of boiler equipment, the request is reviewed by specialists. A document with technical conditions or with a reasoned refusal is drawn up for the applicant. The review process can take from one week to a month, depending on the efficiency of the control service.

If the request is satisfied, then technical conditions are issued, which must be fully implemented when installing gas equipment. This document will simultaneously serve as a permit to carry out the relevant work.

You need to know for sure that installing gas equipment without obtaining technical specifications is illegal. Moreover, it is inconsistent self-installation boiler - very unsafe, especially in cases where similar works will be held in multi-storey building. Unfortunately, there are plenty of sad examples of this.

Installation project development

Once the technical specifications are received, you can proceed to drawing up the installation project.

The project is developed taking into account all the requirements specified in the technical specifications. This also includes a diagram for laying gas communications: for a private house - along the site to the entrance to the residential building, indicating this point in the drawing, and for an apartment - from the entrance to the gas supply pipe to the connection point to the heating boiler

The development of the project should be carried out only by design specialists who have a license to carry out work of this type. As a rule, in an organization engaged in gas supply in a particular region ( locality) there is a design department where all such research, calculations and their graphic design are carried out.

Project approval

Further, finished project is sent for approval to the branch of the organization that controls the gas supply of the house where it will be installed. The period for approval of the submitted documents depends on the complexity of the project design, and can take from one week to three months.

The following documents with the characteristics of the boiler equipment must be attached to the boiler installation and gas mains project submitted for approval:

• Technical data sheet of the gas boiler.
• Instructions for its use.
• Certificates of compliance with technical and sanitary requirements.
• Examination data on the compliance of this unit with all applicable safety requirements.

These documents are issued to the buyer by the seller along with the boiler, and they are issued by the boiler equipment manufacturer.

If the project has not received approval, then in addition to a reasoned refusal, the applicant is given a list of actions that must be performed to obtain a positive conclusion.

If the project is approved, it is certified accordingly, which means that it is already possible to produce practical work for installation of gas heating equipment.

Basic requirements for the boiler room

A separate room must be provided for the installation of gas equipment with a power of 30 kW or more. It must match everyone existing standards and instructions. Quite often for a boiler room they try to choose one of the rooms in the basement or ground floor, but you need to know that such installation of a gas boiler is permitted only for single-apartment private residential buildings.

In a private house, a boiler of any power can be installed, since it is usually placed in a room attached to the house, thus having the opportunity to heat not only living spaces, but also utility rooms.

General requirements

The basic requirements for the boiler room are as follows:

• The area of ​​the room for installing one boiler must be at least 4 m². In this case, the total number of boilers in one room can never be more than two.
• The ceiling height of the room is not less than 2200÷2500 mm.
• A window that is mandatory in a boiler room for natural light, should be sized at the rate of 0.3 m² of window area for every 10 m³ of room volume, but in any case not less than 0.5 m².
• The width of the door opening must be at least 800 mm.
• The distance between the front door and the boiler cannot be less than 1000 mm, but it is better if this interval is 1300÷1500 mm.
• In order to be able to carry out maintenance and repair work, the necessary free space must be provided in front of the boiler, which must be at least 1300 mm.
• The boiler must be installed stably and in a strictly horizontal position - this will minimize possible vibrations and noise.
• The floor in the boiler room must be made of non-combustible material and be perfectly level.
• The walls must also be made of non-combustible materials, and the surfaces near the walls of the boiler can be additionally insulated with heat-resistant materials.
• The boiler room must be supplied cold water. The floor of the room must be equipped with a system for draining the coolant into the sewer system.
• Electrical sockets must have a grounding circuit, since some elements of the boiler, for example, the ignition or the pump, are connected to the electrical supply.
• It is necessary to provide access to the chimney - in particular to the inspection window - to control the patency of the channel and the possibility of cleaning.

Ventilation and chimney systems

Ventilation and exhaust systems for gas combustion products in the boiler room must be installed in compliance with the rules for installing gas equipment, since malfunction or ineffective operation of these systems can lead to either inoperability of the equipment, or, even worse, to an emergency and even explosive situation.

Regulatory documents impose the following requirements for ventilation and chimney:

• Ventilation and chimney ducts must be separated.

• For admission fresh air in the boiler room it is necessary to provide supply ventilation. The entrance window is made at the bottom outer wall or front door. Size ventilation window must be no less than 1/30 of total area premises, but not less than 80 mm² per 1 kW of installed power - for air flow from the street, and not less than 300 mm² per 1 kW, if the air flow comes from another room.
• The ventilation ducts must always be open, as air must circulate constantly.
• It is recommended to install the boiler as close to the chimney as possible.
• A chimney installed in a wall must have two inlet channels:

— the main one, for installation of the chimney pipe;

- inspection channel, located no less than 250 mm below the first one - this channel is intended for technological cleaning.

• The exhaust vent of the chimney should not have a cross-section smaller than the outlet pipe of the boiler itself.
• The chimney should not have more than three bends or turns.
• The chimney pipe is made of stainless or carbon sheet steel. The use of asbestos concrete pipes or others made of layered materials is permissible only at a distance of at least 500 mm from the boiler chimney pipe.

• In order for the operation of the boiler to be safe and the heating system itself to be effective, favorable conditions must be created to maintain normal draft. Therefore, it is very important to calculate both the total height of the chimney pipe and its location above the roof surface so that the head does not fall into the zone of the so-called wind backlash.

About Autonomous gas heating If he doesn’t dream of using hot water supply, then every householder has probably seriously thought about it, both in a city apartment and in a private house. Only today it can reliably provide comfortable temperature in the house is cheaper than the central one. However, installing a gas boiler with your own hands is a complex, responsible matter that requires a permit. Actually, taking on it yourself makes complete sense only if you have sufficient funds to purchase a double-circuit boiler with a boiler and complete set automation, and your home according to the specifications is suitable for installing a boiler.

The second case when you need a gas boiler is if you are not rich, and there is no hot water in the house and is not expected. In this case, you need a simple budget single-circuit instantaneous hot water boiler that allows you to wash dishes and take a shower. A gas boiler is more expensive than an electric boiler, but taking into account the cost of installing a gas meter, at current rates it will pay for itself in a year and a half over the winter, depending on where you live. If, again, you can install it in your apartment, and you are not afraid of going through the authorities.

Two big differences

The boilers mentioned above are extremes huge variety models of gas water heating devices. They are the ones available for self-installation. Any other gas heating boiler for installation requires professional work. However, every cloud has a silver lining - specialized companies also take on the preparation of the premises and the preparation of documents. But why can you install only the “tips of scissors” yourself?

Simple water heater

The simplest boiler is really very simple: gas-burner, heat exchanger - that's all. It is enough to connect water and gas to it, vent the exhaust into the chimney - and you can use it. If the papers have already been completed; otherwise - an inevitable large fine.

Home boiler room

A double-circuit boiler with a boiler and full automation is so “smart” that installing it is as easy as the simplest one. Automation is important not only for simplicity: complete system with a double thermostat and microprocessor monitors the temperature in the house and outside, according to a given program, reduces heating to a minimum sanitary standard when no one is at home (for example, when everyone is at work). The gas consumption of such a boiler is 30-70% less than with manual or semi-automatic adjustment, and the savings are greater the more severe the weather.

But such a home boiler room has a serious drawback: if you find yourself in a natural disaster zone and the power supply is disrupted, the automation “stalls” and the boiler goes into the mode of minimal heating of the room. Therefore, such a boiler requires additional expense for guaranteed power supply. It is not difficult to provide it yourself, see below.

Where you can and where you can’t install a gas boiler

The rules for installing a gas boiler provide the following requirements for installing a HEATING boiler, regardless of whether it also provides DHW or not:

1. The boiler must be installed in separate room– furnace (boiler room) area of ​​at least 4 square meters. m., with a ceiling height of at least 2.5 m. The rules also state that the volume of the room must be at least 8 cubic meters. Based on this, you can find indications that a ceiling of 2 m is acceptable. This is incorrect. 8 cubic meters is the minimum free volume.
2. The furnace room must have an opening window, and the width of the door (not the doorway) must be at least 0.8 m.
3. Finishing the furnace with flammable materials and the presence of a false ceiling or false floor are unacceptable.
4. The combustion chamber must be provided with an air flow through a through, non-closed vent with a cross-section of at least 8 sq.cm. per 1 kW of boiler power.

Note: 8 cubic meters free - with a boiler power of up to 30 kW. For power from 31 to 60 kW – 13.5 cubic meters; for power from 61 to 200 kW 15 cubic meters. For boilers with a closed combustion chamber, the volume of the combustion chamber is not standardized, but the dimensions must still be observed.

For any boilers, including wall-mounted hot water boilers, the following general standards must also be met:

• The boiler exhaust must exit into a separate flue (often incorrectly called a chimney); using ventilation ducts for this is unacceptable - life-threatening combustion products can reach neighbors or other rooms.
• The length of the horizontal part of the flue should not exceed 3 m within the combustion chamber and have no more than 3 rotation angles.
• The flue outlet must be vertical and raised above the ridge of the roof or the highest point of the gable on flat roof not less than 1 m.
• Since combustion products, when cooled, form chemically aggressive substances, the chimney must be made of heat- and chemically resistant solid materials. Use of layered materials, e.g. asbestos cement pipes, permissible at a distance of at least 5 m from the edge of the boiler exhaust pipe.

When installing a wall-mounted hot water gas boiler in the kitchen, additional conditions must be met:

• The height of the boiler suspension along the edge of the lowest pipe is not lower than the top of the sink spout, but not less than 800 mm from the floor.
• The space under the boiler must be free.
• A durable fireproof metal sheet 1x1 m should be laid on the floor under the boiler. Gas workers and firefighters do not recognize the strength of asbestos cement - it wears out, and the SES prohibits having anything containing asbestos in the house.
• There should be no cavities in the room in which combustion products or an explosive gas mixture can accumulate.

If the boiler is used for heating, then the gas workers (who, by the way, are not very friendly with the heating network - it always owes them for gas) will also check the condition of the heating system in the apartment/house:

• The slope of horizontal sections of pipes must be positive, but not more than 5 mm per linear meter by water flow.
• IN highest point system must be installed expansion tank and an air valve. It is useless to convince you that you will buy a “cool” boiler that has everything provided for: rules are rules.
• The condition of the heating system must allow it to be pressurized under a pressure of 1.8 atm.

The requirements, as we see, are strict, but justified - gas is gas. Therefore, it is better not to think about a gas boiler, even a water heating one, if:

• You live in a Khrushchev block or other apartment building without a main gas duct.
• If you have a false ceiling in your kitchen that you don’t want to remove, or a permanent mezzanine. On a mezzanine with a bottom made of wood or fiberboard, which in principle can be removed, and then there will be no mezzanine, gas workers turn a blind eye.
• If your apartment is not privatized, you can only rely on a hot water boiler: allocating a room for a furnace means redevelopment, which only the owner can do.

In all other cases, it is possible to install a hot water boiler in an apartment; wall heating is possible, but floor heating is very problematic.

In a private house, you can install any boiler: the rules do not require that the furnace be located directly in the house. If you make an extension to the house from the outside to serve as a furnace room, then the authorities will only have less reason to find fault. It can accommodate a floor-standing gas boiler high power for heating not only the mansion, but also office premises.

For private middle class housing optimal solution– wall-mounted boiler; it does not require, as for a floor one, to install a brick or concrete tray with sides of half a meter. Installing a wall-mounted gas boiler in a private house also avoids technical and organizational difficulties: a fireproof closet under the furnace can always be fenced off, at least in the attic.

Power supply

The automation of heating boilers consumes little electricity, but according to the rules, the boiler still requires a separate wiring branch with a 20 A automatic circuit breaker, just like a boiler. For backup power supply, any computer UPS is well suited. A kilowatt will “keep” the automation for half a day or half a day. This is quite enough to take the necessary measures in case of an emergency.

About the gas duct

The cross-sectional area of ​​the house flue for it depends on the required boiler power (see below). At any power, the diameter of the flue must be at least 110 mm and not less than the diameter of the exhaust pipe. The dependence of the flue diameter on the boiler power is as follows:

• up to 24 kW – 120 mm.
• 30 kW – 130 mm.
• 40 kW – 170 mm.
• 60 kW – 190 mm
• 80 kW – 220 mm.
• 100 kW – 230 mm.

Boiler selection

Power

It is obvious that the boiler power must be sufficient. But it should not be excessive, especially if the heat exchanger is cast iron. Drops of condensate from the flue cause hot cast iron to crack. There is another dangerous effect: the dew point temperature of the exhaust gases is approximately 56 degrees Celsius. If the water temperature in the heating return is lower, acidic condensate may form in the combustion chamber. What does this have to do with excess power? A boiler that is too powerful will quickly warm up the system and go into standby mode until it cools down. The thermal inertia of a powerful heat exchanger is high, and while it warms up again, acid dew may form.

With correctly selected boiler power, the temperature in the combustion chamber will be 80-90 degrees. The permissible difference in power is quite large, but if you install a 60 kW boiler in a medium-sized private house, then acid rain from the inside will quickly damage it.

The required boiler power for a specific room is determined by thermal engineering calculations. It’s easier for residents of high-rise buildings: the data is available in the DEZ, the technical inventory bureau or the owner. In any case, you can use approximate data by calculating an intermediate value for yourself. Values maximum power are given for cases of minimum outside temperature of –25/-40 degrees:

1. One-room apartment on the middle floors – 8/14 kW.
2. Corner apartment 60 sq.m. total area on the top floor of the Khrushchev block is 20/28 kW.
3. Private house 100 sq.m. common – 24/38 kW.

Boiler

The purpose of the boiler is to accumulate hot water for household needs. If you look at the instructions for the boiler, the power will be indicated there as a fraction, for example - 10/22 kW. The first number is the heating power for average conditions; it determines gas consumption by 80%. The second power, maximum, is for quickly heating domestic water.

If the boiler is emptied, the boiler temporarily stops heating the heating (it does not have time to cool down) and heats at maximum domestic water. Gas consumption is, of course, maximum. If you take a little water from the boiler, then it will be heated in operating mode, without force majeure. Based on this, the capabilities of the boiler can be judged by its capacity:

• 2-10 l – wash hands and wash dishes.
• 30-50 l – take at a quick fix shower.
• 100 l – wash thoroughly in the shower.
• 150 liters or more - you can take a bath and connect a washing machine to the hot water supply.

Note: If you already have one, it is advisable to leave it by turning off its machine. It will make a good hot water accumulator, and if you have problems with a gas boiler, you can turn it on.

Video: expert opinion on choosing gas boilers

Documents for the boiler

Let's say you have equipped the furnace in compliance with all requirements. Are we buying a boiler? It is too early. First of all, check if the previous gas papers have been lost, and bring them out into the light of day:

1. Gas supply contract if the boiler is a heating one. Subconsumers can only install hot water boilers.
2. All documents for gas meter. Any boiler cannot be installed without a meter. If it doesn’t exist yet, there’s nothing you can do, you need to install it and arrange it, but that’s a different topic.

Now you can buy a boiler. But, having purchased, it’s too early to install:

• The BTI needs to make changes to the registration certificate of the house. For privatized apartments - through the organization operating the house. In the new plan, a closet under the boiler should be shown, and clearly marked: “Furnace room” or “Boiler room”.
• Submit an application to the gas service for the project and specifications. The required documents also include a technical passport for the boiler, so it must already be purchased.
• Install the boiler (see next section), except for the gas system. This can be done while the gas workers are preparing the project, if the premises are approved.
• Call a specialist to make a gas connection.
• Submit an application to gas workers for commissioning.
• Wait for the gas service engineer to arrive, he will check everything, draw up a conclusion on suitability and give permission to open the gas shut-off valve to the boiler.

Note: Gas workers are not supposed to give permission to private individuals to work on gas equipment. Therefore, to connect gas to the boiler, you will have to call a specialist or then “resolve the issue” with an inspector during commissioning. As a rule, the former is cheaper.

Boiler installation

It is unacceptable for the boiler body to be adjacent to any of the walls, so redo the fastenings of wall-mounted boilers, recess the boiler into a niche, etc. it is forbidden. After installing the boiler in place, its piping is done - connecting three systems: gas, hydraulic and electric. The gas connection should be done, as indicated, by a gas specialist, and last of all, when everything else is already connected.

You can do the electrical and hydraulic connections yourself. The main governing document here is the instructions for the boiler. Typical scheme The boiler hydraulic system is shown in the figure. For any boiler, the following conditions must be strictly met:

1. Water and hot gases in the boiler heat exchanger must flow countercurrently, otherwise it can simply explode with any automation. Therefore, it is extremely important not to confuse, either through negligence or for the sake of ease of installation, cold and hot pipes. After hydropiping, carefully inspect the entire system again, then rest for an hour and inspect it again.
2. If antifreeze has been poured into the heating system, drain it completely and flush the system twice clean water. An admixture of antifreeze in the water entering the heat exchanger is also explosive.
3. Do not neglect the “mud collectors” - coarse water filters. They should be located at the lowest points of the system. The accumulation of dirt between the thin fins of the heat exchanger also creates dangerous situation, not to mention the exorbitant gas consumption. At the beginning and at the end heating season drain the sediment through the mud traps, check their condition and, if necessary, flush the system.
4. If the boiler has a built-in expansion tank and a deaeration system, remove the old expansion tank and turn off the old air valve tightly, having first checked its condition: air leakage will also create a dangerous situation.

Video: example of installing a wall-mounted gas boiler

Bottom line

Installation of a gas boiler is technically and organizationally complicated. You can independently install only the simplest hot water boilers or expensive, fully automated home boiler rooms. But connecting the boiler to the gas supply system (gas pipework) must still be carried out by a gas service specialist or a certified installation organization. Otherwise, it is prohibited by the rules for the installation and operation of household gas appliances.

After conducting in a private house gas supply The next task, as a rule, is the installation of gas equipment. Many apartment owners also refuse central heating and prefer him stand-alone option, wanting to save money and turn on and off the heating of the premises when they consider it necessary. But in order for such heating to be safe and efficient, it is necessary to comply with the requirements for installing a gas boiler.

In the gas supply control organizations, registration and approval takes place necessary documents And By for connecting the gas main to the house, and for installing heating units.

One of the rather unpleasant installation procedures heating boiler, running on gas, means collecting and processing a voluminous package of documents. Many, faced with this process, soon rush to abandon this idea.

Basic requirements and standards can be found in the document “Gas Distribution Systems”, included in SNiP 42-01-2002. In addition to it, it would be nice to study a document that is no longer working, but contains a large number of information that will also be useful is “Gas supply” SNiP 2.04.08-87. Additionally, you will have to familiarize yourself with the standards given in related documents talking about boiler installations, ventilation systems, heating, sewerage, water supply, safety precautions during construction, sound insulation, fire safety, etc.

Boiler installation approval

You need to go through several authorities to obtain approval for the installation of a gas-fired boiler. On your own, without approval, the installation process will be illegal and unsafe, and not only for the home owner, but also for the rest of the residents of the house, if the boiler is installed in a high-rise building.

1. Technical conditions

To connect to the gas supply of a private house or apartment have to get in gas supply organization technical conditions allowing this procedure. To do this, a statement is written to the controlling organization. It must indicate the approximate demand for gas volume per hour. The registration procedure lasts seven - fourteen days. Upon successful completion of this event, a document will be issued - technical conditions for the installation of equipment operating on gas fuel. This is a permit for preparatory construction and installation work.

2. Project

Having the technical specifications in hand, you can proceed to the second step - development project documentation. The gas supply project includes plans for laying a gas supply pipe from the boiler installation site to the central gas pipeline.

The project will also indicate sections of the gas pipeline crossing the site

If the home is located in the private sector, and the pipeline must cross the land, then a diagram of the gas pipe on the site is also drawn up, indicating the location of its entry into the wall of the house. The project is being developed by engineers licensed for such activities, based on the provisions of the GOS.

3. Coordination with the gas supply organization

The completed project is submitted for approval to the organization that controls gas supply in the applicant’s area of ​​residence. Project approval takes from seven to one hundred days, depending on the volume and complexity of the document. Attached to the project following materials regarding the heating device:

• examination of the boiler’s compliance with all requirements necessary to ensure normal operation and safety;
• technical data sheet of the device;
• certificates of compliance with technical and sanitary-hygienic requirements;
• operating instructions.

All documents specified in the list are prepared by the manufacturer and must necessarily accompany any product of this type. They are transferred by the seller to the buyer at at When purchasing a device, you should pay special attention to this.

If the project was rejected for the first time, the applicant is given a document indicating the reasons for the refusal and a list detailing all the problems of the project that require correction.

If the project is approved, it is certified by the signature and seal of the responsible person. This document is the final permission for installation heating device.

Installation restrictions

For safety reasons, appliances operating on gas fuel are prohibited from being installed in the following premises:

• in which there are no ventilation systems;
• in dormitories (rooms);
• in bathrooms;
• in the corridors and on the balcony;
• in basements;
• on the ground floor;
• on flammable wall surfaces.

One important clarification regarding installation on the ground floor and basement: installation is only permissible in a private single-apartment house, i.e. if the house is not divided into several owners.

Requirements for installation of units

When installing a gas boiler, the homeowner must strictly adhere to a number of regulatory rules:

• the boiler is installed in such a way that there is free access to it from any side;
• the size of the entrance door to the boiler room where the device is installed cannot be less than 80 centimeters wide;
• the area of ​​the boiler room or other room cannot be less than four square meters;
• the boiler room must have a window with an area of ​​at least 30 cm² per 10 m³ of volume - to provide lighting in any situation;
• the ceiling in this room must have a height of at least two and a half meters;
• water must be supplied to the boiler room;
• a grounding loop is mandatory if the operation of the boiler is related to the consumption of electricity;
• boiler room walls must be plastered;
• the chimney must have a cross-section corresponding to the power of the unit.

Having considered the requirements presented, we can conclude that a kitchen can be a fairly good room for installing a wall-mounted boiler, if it is not possible to install a boiler room. There it can be placed next to the gas stove.

An additional advantage of installing a boiler in a kitchen is that it meets all the above requirements - ventilation, gas supply, adequate room area, cold water supply. In addition, by installing a boiler there, you can save a lot on pipes and keep more than one wall intact.

Floor-standing boiler, which has massive dimensions and a power of 150 kW, must be installed in a separate room - the boiler room. It should be taken into account that a device with a power of up to 60 kW can be installed in a room with a volume of at least 27 m³, which means it can be installed in the kitchen.

But you need to know that floor-standing boilers are quite noisy, so if you plan to install the unit in an apartment, it is better to choose a wall-mounted option.

If the boiler is hung or installed against a wall made of flammable material, it must be protected with a heat-resistant insulator, for example, special plasterboard or asbestos sheet will do.

Boiler installation

Installation of any gas equipment is carried out by a gas technician; independent installation is strictly prohibited. The manufacturer attaches the boiler installation diagram to the documentation of the heating device, and it will be useful to the installer.

1. When installing the unit in a boiler room, you need to arrange the floors correctly. They must be made of non-flammable material and have a water drain. It is necessary to extract coolant from the heating circuit in case of an emergency.
2. Installation of gas equipment is not carried out when sub-zero temperature, it should be at least five degrees Celsius. But even with too much high temperature It is unsafe to install the equipment, so it should not exceed 35 degrees.
3. A level mark is made on the wall for the bracket, on which the boiler will then be hung.
4. If a double-circuit gas appliance is installed, then it is placed on the return pipe strainer. It is necessary to ensure that the heat exchanger remains clean for a long time. Ball valves are installed on both sides of the filter and on the boiler pipes.
5. When connecting the boiler to the gas supply line, a gas meter, a special gas tap, a gas alarm and a thermal shut-off valve are installed in front of it.
6. The socket into which the boiler will be connected, if it is volatile, must be grounded.
7. When the boiler pipes are connected to the water supply and gas supply, the system must be filled with water. This is done slowly so that the air in the future coolant does not stagnate - it will have the opportunity to leave the circuit along air vent devices. During the period of filling the system, the boiler must be disconnected from the power supply.
8. Before starting the boiler, you must check the connections gas pipes for a gas leak. This is very easy to do - you just need to knock down thick foam from any detergent and use a sponge to apply it to the connecting elements. If there is a leak, it will definitely inflate soap bubble, and if the pipe is connected tightly, the foam will gradually settle. Only after all these manipulations can you start the system by connecting it to the power supply.

Ventilation

It is very important to ensure that the room where the gas appliance is installed has good ventilation.

Supply and exhaust ventilation - required condition for any boiler room

1. The kitchen area in a multi-storey building is equipped with a common building ventilation system, so there will be no problems with it. When installing the device in a boiler room, a ventilation duct is installed in the ceiling of the room and vented outside.
2. Supply ventilation can be installed in the door by making a hole and installing a ventilation grill.
3. Special standards have been defined for ventilation inlets. So, for one kW of device power, the grille must have a size of no less than 8-10 cm² (air intake from outside the house) and no less than 30 square meters. cm (air intake from inside - from other rooms).

Chimney

Particular attention to the correct organization of the chimney

Correct installation of the chimney is no less important than ventilation system. The chimney can be made of a metal sandwich pipe that is discharged through the roof of the boiler room (or through the wall) and rises along the wall from the outside to the roof.

Or maybe coaxial, coming out through the wall and having small size. Each of them is established according to certain rules.

1. Combustion products should not enter the room, which means that the smoke exhaust duct must be gas-tight.
2. The diameter of the chimney should not be less than the diameter of the pipe leaving the boiler. The ratios for boiler power have been established - the homeowner will definitely be familiarized with these figures when drawing up project documentation.
3. Heading metal pipe should rise above the roof no lower than its ridge - this will ensure normal removal of gas combustion products and prevent reverse draft.
4. When the chimney is brought out through the wall, a hole is made for it, the pipe is connected to the boiler and taken out into the street. If gaps have formed in the opening between the wall and the chimney, they must be sealed hermetically. This coaxial type flue duct is suitable for a boiler with low or medium power, and is usually used for wall-mounted models.

The head of a coaxial chimney in a wooden house

Video:

Take a look at the training videos so you don't have any questions!

Requirements for premises with gas equipment

Where to install a gas boiler

Selection of boiler and installation standards

Before purchasing a boiler, you need to familiarize yourself with all the nuances of its installation and approval of permits and design and installation documentation. Only by reliably knowing all these rules on gas mounted and floor-standing boilers, it will be possible to accurately determine which one is suitable for a particular apartment or house.