Homemade stove from a barrel. Barrel stove: a simple option for organizing heating in utility rooms. What does the law say about burning waste in a barrel?

With the onset of cold weather, the problem of heating rooms arises. This is especially true for country houses that do not have central heating. However, any difficulty must be resolved in a timely manner. In the post-Soviet space, a stove called a “potbelly stove” is known. It is made from various metals, but sometimes improvised materials are also used. The article will discuss the process of how to make a stove from a barrel with your own hands.

Advantages of a homemade heating device

A potbelly stove can be assembled from various materials. Craftsmen for this work use old cylinders or metal sheets, which are then connected using a welding machine. However, not everyone has the items mentioned, especially since welding metal correctly is not an easy task. In addition, iron sheets will have to be purchased, and their price is high. Therefore, experts recommend making a stove from a 200-liter barrel. This is an inexpensive and accessible design from which a heating device of any complexity can be made.

Why is it recommended to use a barrel of this particular volume? The answer is: it can hold a lot of firewood or other raw materials that can be used to ensure long-term combustion. In addition, there is enough space in the metal barrel to create a spacious ash pit. However, you need to know: the equipment cannot be heated with coal, since its walls will simply deteriorate due to the high combustion temperature of the mentioned raw materials.

A potbelly stove is an optimal heating device that can be installed in a small shed, garage or basement. In addition, you can assemble it quickly with your own hands. You need to know: making a stove from a barrel is only allowed from high-quality raw materials - the thicker the metal, the better the quality of the manufactured device. Therefore, it is recommended not to skimp on the source material.

The advantages of a potbelly stove made from a barrel are as follows:

• spacious ash pan;
• the volume is enough for the flame to burn for a long time;
• the device will instantly heat the room;
• unpretentiousness to fuel;
• ease of manufacture and operation.

But there are also disadvantages, namely:

• low efficiency;
• the case gets very hot;
• thin walls.

If you need to make your own heating equipment, a barrel stove is an ideal device for heating a small room.

Required materials and tools

Before you begin assembling the device, you need to prepare the following construction equipment:

• grinder;
• grinder;
• welding machine;
• file;
• hacksaw

To make a potbelly stove from a metal barrel, you must also purchase the following additional materials:

• metal for legs and chimney;
• door hinges;
• pieces of sheet iron;
• bolt;
• fittings (for grating);
• brick;
• cement and sand (for mortar).

Making a heating device with your own hands is not a difficult task. The main thing is to comply with the technical conditions and strictly follow the instructions.

Initial stage: barrel preparation

The first thing you need to do is put the metal container in order. The barrel is covered with paint, which means this layer must be removed using a sanding machine. If you neglect this point, you will have to inhale the toxic aromas emanating from the heated metal.

After this, you need to carefully cut out two small rectangular holes using a grinder. In the future, the cut pieces of metal will be useful for making doors. The sharp edges of the barrel must be processed with a file. The device will have two doors: for the firebox and for the ash pan. The first must be larger than the second.

A grate will be placed inside the barrel stove, so the upper part of the container is completely removed. The cover will later be welded together with the chimney pipe.

Manufacturing of grate

Steel reinforcement is the main material for making this structural element. Experts say that the diameter of a 200-liter barrel is 57.15 cm, so the grate needs to be made smaller, since it will need to be installed inside the heating device. To secure it, you need to make projections from steel sheets between the ash pan and the firebox and weld them to the inner walls of the barrel. The grate must be installed on the received support pins.

Preparing the doors

This process is an important stage in the manufacture of a heating device. First of all, you need to make iron handles and weld them to the doors, which should be welded with pieces of metal, the thickness of which is 20 mm. It is recommended to use the factory door for this purpose.

The next stage is welding the steel hinges to the stove from an old barrel using electric welding. Do not forget that the door must be equipped with a locking device (bolt) from the outside.

Preparing the base

Before installing the stove, it is necessary to make a safe and non-flammable place for it. Such a base can be made of brick laid on a concrete screed. It is important to know: the free space in front of the barrel is also made of non-combustible material, for example sheet metal. The best option is to make concrete floors, and then put iron on them and install a potbelly stove.

Under no circumstances should the barrel be placed near flammable materials or explosive objects. The first include linoleum, polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam and bitumen. And for the second - gas cylinders and cans of gasoline.

Craftsmen recommend making steel legs on the stove from a barrel. To do this you will need reinforcement or metal corners. If the bottom of the barrel is 10 cm from the floor, then the device is located at a safe distance from the base.

Making a chimney

A pipe is an essential element of a potbelly stove. Its diameter is from 10 to 15 cm. The pipe not only removes smoke, but also participates in heat transfer, so it is made of steel or cast iron.

The pipe can be located both on top and on the side of the stove. However, it is the latter option that is considered optimal: in this way the gases slow down and there remains space for arranging the cooking unit.

In order for the room to warm up faster, the pipe must be routed to a distant point, and not in a straight line to the nearest hole. It is recommended to install a damper on the chimney: with this element you can regulate the removal of warm smoke. In addition, when the stove is not in use, it is recommended to close the chimney pipe.

Final assembly of the furnace

All that's left to do is move the barrel onto the prepared brick base. After this, install the grate in the stove. Next, you need to weld the top cover and make a hole in it for the pipe. Once the chimney is installed, you can heat the stove with wood.

The next step is to place paper on the grate and set it on fire. Dry firewood must be laid carefully, since there is a high probability of accidentally getting burned. The stove from the barrel will gradually heat up. All that needs to be done next is to add more wood so that the flame does not go out.

The device's ash can become clogged with ash, so it must be periodically cleaned of burnt materials.

How to improve a stove: optimal options

The question often arises of how to make a barrel stove more modernized. To do this, the device must be improved in the following way:

1. Build a wall of refractory bricks on the right, left and behind the barrel.
2. To get some kind of convector, the potbelly stove must be boiled with round 20-mm pipes. Thanks to this, warm air will circulate in the room.
3. Run the chimney through the entire room.
4. Line the inside of the stove with bricks.
5. To get a hob for cooking, you need to install a cast iron insert in the lid.

Long burning stove for garage

This device is a good solution if you need to heat a small room using a minimum amount of firewood. If the question arises of how to make a stove for a garage out of a barrel, then for this you will need a welding machine and the ability to work with it.

To make a heating device with your own hands, you need to do the following simple work:

1. Cut a hole for the loading window.
2. Make a circle from a metal sheet, the thickness of which should be at least 4 mm. After this, make a 10-centimeter window in it for the chimney pipe.
3. Weld a steel pipe to the resulting circle, and 4 channels to its inner side.
4. Lower the manufactured structure into the barrel.
5. Weld the cut off lid and make a 10 cm hole in the middle for the pipe.
6. Make a concrete or brick base on which the potbelly stove will stand.
7. Weld all structural elements to the barrel: doors, hinges and valves.
8. Install a chimney.
9. Place the device on a concrete base.

The peculiarity of this design is that the firewood in it will not burn, but smolder. In addition, a circle with a pipe and channels installed inside the barrel will move down as the raw material burns out. The main advantage of this potbelly stove is that there is no need to control the operation of the device: it works almost autonomously, due to which the metal gradually heats up. The only thing you need to do is light the stove.

Finally

Making a simple potbelly stove from a barrel yourself is an easy task if you follow the instructions and listen to the recommendations of the masters. Another condition is the ability to make welds. However, do not forget about fire safety, since any homemade heating device is a subject of increased danger.

For the lucky owners of summer cottages, a stove made from a 200-liter barrel is a panacea for many troubles that await them in running a household in the difficult climatic conditions of Russia. It can be used to heat a greenhouse and utility rooms, burn leaves and other debris, fumigate trees during frosts, and kindle a bathhouse.

The main advantage is that such a stove is made from a barrel with your own hands. This does not require special knowledge or large financial costs. Its other advantages are:

• use of available solid fuel - firewood, wood chips, sawdust, brushwood, etc.;
• small size and weight, mobility;
• simplicity and reliability of operation.

A stove made from a 200 liter barrel has disadvantages that you need to know for safe operation:

• the need to periodically remove ash and ash, clean the boiler from soot;
• low heat accumulation;
• a non-combustible base or pedestal is required, removed from the walls at a safe distance;
• the need for a high chimney pipe to provide draft;
• periodic monitoring of the combustion process due to the possibility of backdraft and smoke in the room.

Do-it-yourself stove from a 200 liter barrel for various purposes in the garden

Let's look at how you can make a stove from a 200-liter barrel with your own hands for various purposes in a summer cottage or garden.

Bubafonya is a long-burning barrel stove. It is a top-combustion stove, where loaded solid fuel burns gradually from top to bottom, pressed by a piston with a descending pipe for air supply. Due to the restriction of air access, combustion occurs for a long time. Pyrolysis gases, burning above the surface of the piston, heat the body and escape through the chimney.

The stove is made from a 200 liter barrel, which is usually used to store fuels and lubricants or paint. An empty iron barrel can be bought at warehouses, metal depots, or found in a landfill. In addition to this you will need:

• a metal circle for the piston with a diameter several centimeters smaller than the inner diameter of the barrel;
• a metal corner 5-6 cm wide for the base of the piston and legs;
• an iron pipe with a diameter of 10 cm, a length 5 cm greater than the height of the barrel, which serves to supply air and is also a guide rod for the piston;
• 5-meter metal chimney pipe and tee with a diameter of 15 cm.

DIY cylinder stove

Case manufacturing:

• The top of the barrel must be carefully dismantled, knocking down the weld. The drain hole with screw plug can be welded or left for use as an inspection window.
• Smooth out sharp edges by bending the edges of the cylinder inward around the circumference.
• In the same way, align the edge of the lid, bending its edges outward with a hammer. As a result, the lid should fit tightly overlapping the edges of the cylinder.
• In the center of the lid, cut a hole with a diameter of 10.2 cm for free passage of the rod-pipe.
• In the upper part of the side surface of the cylinder, cut a hole with a diameter of 15 cm and hermetically weld a 25-centimeter section of the chimney pipe for an elbow connection with the chimney.
• Make 4 legs from a corner and weld them to the bottom of the cylinder for stable installation of the stove on a pedestal or refractory base.

Making the piston:

• In the center of the metal circle that serves as the base of the piston, cut a hole into which the supply pipe should fit tightly.
• On one side of the pancake, weld 4 pieces of corner symmetrically and radially from the hole to the outer circumference. They will ensure the rigidity of the piston base and the necessary air gap between the piston and the fuel.
• On the back side of the pancake, insert one end of the pipe into the hole and weld it hermetically, maintaining strict perpendicularity of the two parts.
• Place the lid of the barrel on the pipe and at the other end of the pipe weld to it a bolt protruding beyond the end, onto which fasten a freely rotating metal plate that completely covers the hole. It is a damper that regulates the air supply.

A “long-lasting” stove made from a barrel with your own hands is ready. All that remains is to install it on a safe pedestal or base and connect it to the chimney pipe.

A chimney pipe with a height of at least 5 m is mounted vertically on legs and secured with guy wires.

The lower part should be sealed with a removable plug with a ball valve to drain condensate. At the same height as the exhaust pipe of the barrel, you need to weld a tee to connect to the stove. You can connect the chimney tee to the stove outlet with a metal sheet and clamps.

How a stove can be used in a garden plot made from a barrel with your own hands

The furnace is fired up as follows:

• Dry solid fuel is tightly packed into an empty cylinder to such a height that the upper plane of the piston is below the lower boundary of the chimney opening. Do not add wet wood, which can slow down the movement of the piston during the combustion process.
• Place wood chips, a rag or paper sprinkled with diesel fuel or kerosene on top, close the lid with the piston.
• Open the valve completely, set fire to the rolled paper and throw it into the pipe. When the wood burns well, close the damper, setting the minimum gap for air flow.

On a private farm, a stove made from a 200-liter barrel can be used to heat greenhouses, light a bathhouse, or burn garbage.

Barrel stove for a greenhouse, application options

A feature of heating greenhouses is the need for uniform heat supply over a large area. This is usually achieved in the following ways:

• Natural convection method

A garden stove made from a barrel is installed at the entrance to the greenhouse, and the chimney pipe is at the opposite end. A pipe runs along the entire greenhouse with a slight upward slope, connecting the stove to the chimney. Hot gases passing through the pipe heat it along its entire length, and the greenhouse is heated more evenly over the entire area due to the natural convection of warm air.

Bubafonya stove

• Forced convection method

A do-it-yourself stove made from a barrel is placed in an even larger diameter metal cylinder, which is welded from sheet iron. The outer cylinder must have a cutout to accommodate the chimney elbow of the stove and two holes with a diameter of 10-20 cm, located on opposite sides from the bottom and top.

A pipe for forced supply of outside air using a fan is welded into the lower hole, and a similar pipe for exhausting hot air is welded into the upper hole.

The entire space between the outer cylinder and the inner oven must be sealed so that all heated air enters the air duct system distributed throughout the entire area of ​​​​the greenhouse.

Do-it-yourself sauna stove from a barrel, application features

• In a 200-liter barrel, you need to remove the top lid.
• In the side part, cut three holes for standard stove doors for the ash pan, firebox and heater. The hole in the ash pan should be located above the bottom at the height of one layer of brick, above it - the hole in the firebox, and the hole in the heater should be closer to the top lid of the barrel on the opposite side.
• Lay out the bottom and lower part of the barrel up to 60 cm with a thick layer of refractory brick, forming the volumes of the ash pit and combustion chamber, separating them with grates.
• Weld the doors, sealing all cracks with cement mortar.
• Install a grid of metal profiles with a gap of 5-8 mm, separating the heater from the firebox, and line the walls with a thin layer of refractory bricks to the top.
• Place granite stones on the grate in several layers, starting with large ones and ending with small ones. Smoke should pass freely between them. The upper border of the stones should end at the level of the beginning of the door.
• Weld the door into the heater, sealing the cracks with cement mortar.
• Drill a hole in the top lid of the barrel for the chimney and weld an outlet pipe there.
• Close and seal the lid of the barrel. You can attach a hot water tank connected to the water supply system to the side of the barrel or to the lid.

The stove is installed in the bathhouse so that the firebox door faces the dressing room, and the heater door faces the steam room, in compliance with all fire safety measures. It should be heated like a regular potbelly stove, using wood, pellets, coal, etc.

Steam is generated by irrigating heated stones with warm water through the heater door.

Garbage oven from a barrel

There is always a lot of waste and garbage collected in the garden plot, which is expensive to remove.

The best way out of this situation is a waste oven made from a 200 liter barrel, the device of which is the simplest and accessible to everyone.

To do this, you need to remove the top lid of the barrel, and make many holes at the bottom and lower side for air to enter.

Place the barrel on a dug ditch or brick base that allows air to flow from below, and start by lighting a small fire in the barrel. Then, as the fire starts, add the rest of the garbage. The advantage is that large branches can be laid without additional pruning. It can also be used to fumigate flowering trees during frosts. Disadvantage - you need to turn the barrel over to remove ash after each use.

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A potbelly stove made from a 200-liter barrel can be installed in different rooms: in a garage, in a country house, in a warehouse, etc. Its main advantage is its high heating rate. It quickly heats the air in the room and cools just as quickly due to the properties of the metal body.

Collapse

The most popular homemade model is considered to be a potbelly stove made from a barrel. Its manufacture and installation does not require expensive materials or special skills. It is designed so simply that you can easily assemble it with your own hands.

About the design

A homemade potbelly stove made from a barrel has a height of 89 cm, a diameter of 60 cm and a weight of 21 - 25 kg, has a solid hearth and a fairly high chimney. Sawdust, shavings, dry firewood and fuel briquettes are used as fuel. Due to the rather thin metal walls and the height of the body, the efficiency of such a furnace does not exceed 15 - 20%.

The principle of its operation is quite simple: wood is placed in the firebox and ignited. When burning, firewood releases a large amount of thermal energy, which is transferred to the body of the potbelly stove. The heated metal releases heat into the surrounding atmosphere and heats the room. The amount of heat increases due to the long chimney through which hot smoke moves to the street.

Expert opinion

Nikolay Davydov

Stove maker with 15 years of experience

For the correct flow of gas-dynamic processes in a potbelly stove made from a 200 liter barrel, the blower should be located as low as possible. Otherwise, the lower part will take a significant part of the thermal energy and redirect it to the ground. If you need to place the ashpit higher, you can wall up the lower part of the container with bricks.

Choosing a quality barrel

To make a potbelly stove, you can use any steel barrel used in the petrochemical, paint and varnish, chemical, and metallurgical industries for storing and transporting technical products:

bulk - oils, solvents, paints, diesel fuel, sodium liquid glass;

pasty - thick lubricants, bitumen;

bulk - caustic soda, various plasticizers.

They are produced in two types - with an open and closed top; they also differ in the thickness of the bottom, lid and shell.

Any of these containers can be used as a potbelly stove if you first thoroughly clean and rinse its inner surface. However, the thinner the walls of the container, the faster they will burn out and the stove will fail. Therefore, for a potbelly stove you need to choose a product with a metal thickness of more than 2 mm.

Expert opinion

Nikolay Davydov

Stove maker with 15 years of experience

Well, the best option is a stainless steel barrel. High-alloy stainless steel is most resistant to high temperatures in the fuel combustion zone, which means a stove made from it will serve for a longer period.

Additional materials

To build a heating device, in addition to the 200 liter metal barrel itself, you will need the following additional building materials and stove fittings:

small steel sheet;

• fireclay brick for a vertical model or a reflector for a horizontal one;

  a small piece of channel;

  steel pipes for the chimney;

  fittings for the grate;

  sand, clay for making mortar;

  asbestos cord;

  combustion door;

  blower door;

  basalt wool for chimney insulation.

Required Tools

To build a high-quality potbelly stove from a 200-liter barrel with your own hands, you need to prepare a minimum set of tools, consisting of:

welding machine;

grinders or hacksaws for metal;

standard hammer, pliers and chisel;

steel brush;

drills with a set of drills;

measuring instruments: tape measure, level and plumb line.

Personal protective equipment is also needed when welding: a protective mask, dielectric gloves, protective clothing made of thick fabric and closed shoes.

Manufacturing Instructions

During operation of the stove, its body heats up strongly, so such a heating apparatus must be placed on a monolithic fire-resistant surface. This could be a layer of concrete, asphalt concrete, metal sheet, or just earth. The stove must have its own chimney; connecting the device to the chimney of other heating devices is prohibited.

There are two options for assembling such a furnace: with a horizontal and vertical arrangement of the barrel.

Vertical model

Vertical potbelly stove from a barrel

Scheme of a vertical potbelly stove made from a barrel

The manufacturing process of a vertical furnace model looks like this:

1. Prepare an opening on the side surface of the barrel to allow loading of firewood;

The door can be purchased in advance or a cut-out part of the wall can be adapted: hinges and a handle can be welded to it, making it convenient to close and open the combustion chamber;

A little lower than the combustion door, cut another hole for mounting the blower door. To make the blower itself, a thick-walled pipe, cut lengthwise, is used. It should be able to move along the metal slats, but not be completely removed;

2. At a height of 20 cm from the bottom of the container, install grate bars - a metal plate with holes or a welded cellular structure made of reinforcement. To fix them, use a regular steel corner.

   

   Option 1 - mesh grid

   

   Option 2 - fittings

You need to weld metal legs at the bottom of the barrel or simply install the structure on bricks;

The role of the hob will be played by steel wire, which can be welded to the top lid of the oven;



Brick lining (optional)

To protect the walls of the container from burning, the inner surface of the firebox can be additionally lined with refractory bricks, giving it a semicircular shape using a grinder. Masonry should be carried out using a kiln mortar containing 1 part fatty clay and 2 parts sand. The mixture is made with a minimum amount of water and should have a thick consistency;

3. Next we make a chimney (more details below).

A hole for a chimney with a diameter of at least 15 cm is cut out from the side of the container in its upper part (or side). The height of the pipe must be at least 4 m. When installing it, the following recommendations should be taken into account:

It is advisable not to install the pipe strictly vertically; the presence of horizontal and inclined sections increases the amount of heat received, but the number of turns should not exceed 3 times;

the bending angle should be 30 degrees, and only in exceptional cases reach 45 degrees;

horizontally located chimney elements cannot be longer than 1 m;

to prevent the appearance of condensation, the part of the chimney facing the street should be insulated with basalt wool;

To reduce the load on the device body, the chimney must be attached to the wall.

On the chimney of a potbelly stove, you can install a rotary valve or a valve that moves along guides. Using this element, you can adjust the intensity of heated smoke removal and completely block the chimney during the period when the stove is not heated.

Horizontal model

The efficiency of a potbelly stove made from a 200 liter barrel will be higher if it is made and placed horizontally.

Potbelly stove from a barrel - horizontal version

Scheme of a horizontal potbelly stove made from a barrel

The algorithm of actions for horizontal placement of the container will be as follows:

Nikolay Davydov

Stove maker with 15 years of experience

No flammable items should be placed near the stove, and when moving, you should be careful not to accidentally contact exposed skin with its body to avoid burns. The room where the potbelly stove is installed should be well ventilated, at least naturally.

Features of operation

When operating the stove, it is necessary to alternate its lighting cycles, which include:

fuel storage;

ignition of the stove;

direct combustion process with room heating;

cleaning of ash products from the combustion and blower sections.

The most important stage is the placement of fuel, which must be placed in a certain order to facilitate the ignition process. First you need to put paper and thin dry firewood on the grate, light a fire and close the door.

Once the kindling material has ignited, larger logs can be added. Wood must be loaded carefully to prevent the fire from dying out. Once the wood has been fully loaded, the fire door must be closed tightly.

The draft in a potbelly stove can be adjusted by using a valve on the chimney or by slightly opening the ash door.

While the stove is burning, you must not touch its body to avoid getting burned.

To restore draft after a long period of burning, it is necessary to periodically disassemble the chimney and clean its elements from accumulated soot.

Conclusion

A potbelly stove is a fairly simple heating device, and it is for this quality that it is considered a brilliant invention. How to make a potbelly stove from a barrel can be understood from the instructions and you can build it yourself. A potbelly stove will bring considerable benefits: it will solve the problems of heating outbuildings and country houses remote from the central gas supply lines. In addition, it is easily transported and installed, and can be moved to another room if necessary.

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A barrel stove is a simple and economical way to provide heating in any non-residential building, for example, in a garage. To make such a potbelly stove, metal containers with a volume of 200 liters are used. To make a reliable and efficient heating device from a barrel, you need to understand the principle of operation of the stove and strictly follow the instructions.

Currently, there are many options for making your own stove for household needs. To assemble a potbelly stove, old gas cylinders and sheet iron are used. In the first case, it is quite difficult to get the necessary container. As for sheet iron, it is not cheap. However, there is a more accessible source material from which it is easiest to make a heating unit - a 200-liter metal barrel.

Why is it recommended to use this volume? This is explained quite simply. When assembling a potbelly stove with your own hands, you need to make sure that it holds a large amount of fuel. This will maximize the time interval between loading new batches of firewood. In addition, the dimensions of such a container make it easy to allocate space for an ash pan.

Most often, these home-made structures are used for heating basements, garages, and workshops that do not have autonomous heating.

Note! Before using the barrel, you must inspect it for rust. It is strictly forbidden to use tanks with traces of corrosion on the surface. These vulnerable spots will simply burn out under the influence of high temperatures, which can cause an emergency.

In order to answer the question of how to make a potbelly stove, you need to carefully study the instructions. Using a metal barrel to construct a heating device has other advantages. For example, the natural dimensions of the tank do not prevent the fire from burning freely. And also such a stove does not require the selection of special fuel.

As with any other device, a homemade potbelly stove also has some disadvantages. During operation, the container body heats up to a very high temperature, since the metal sheet is small in thickness. Thus, while such a potbelly stove is operating, it is strictly forbidden to touch it. You can make a stove from a 200 liter barrel with your own hands quite quickly (in just a few hours).

Such stoves have low efficiency, which is explained by the features of their design. During operation, part of the thermal energy simply evaporates into the chimney. Experts do not recommend using coal as fuel for such barrels. It's all about its high combustion temperature, which thin walls may not withstand.

The principle of operation of a potbelly stove from a barrel: what you need to know

Before you start assembling such a device yourself, you need to understand how it functions. Understanding the operating principle allows you to simplify the process of making such an improvised stove.

Sawdust or firewood is used as fuel for a homemade potbelly stove from a metal tank. Compressed sawdust is distinguished by the fact that it takes quite a long time to process inside a homemade oven. Among other things, the cost of such fuel is minimal, so it is widely used.

The diameter of a 200-liter barrel is 600 mm. If desired, you can make a fairly functional design, which will also have an attractive appearance. The dimensions of the 200 liter tank allow you to place a hexagon inside it, the sides of which will be equal to 314 mm. In this case, the manufacturing technology of the devices resembles traditional furnace units.

It is worth noting that the finished device does not have a very high efficiency - only 15%. To increase efficiency, another component element is often added to a homemade design - a screen. The reflective shield certainly helps to increase efficiency, but this solution also has a negative side. The use of a screen that reflects heat leads to the fact that the service life of a homemade stove is reduced.

Helpful information! The main reason that the furnace has a rather low efficiency is the height of the tank. The barrels, whose capacity is 200 liters, have a length of 85 cm. The second problem is that the sheet of metal is too thin, the thickness of which rarely exceeds 2 mm.

It is worth noting that if the grate bars in the unit are raised due to the high location of the blower, then the efficiency of the device decreases. This is due to the fact that heat in such a structure is dissipated into the air through its lower part. To solve this problem, it is necessary to hide the lower part of the barrel stove in the brickwork. Not only the instructions, but also educational photo and video materials will help you make such a unit yourself.

The service life of potbelly stoves made from metal barrels is on average 3-4 years under normal use. Many tricks are used to increase efficiency. However, it is worth saying that no matter how hard you try, you won’t be able to get more than 20% return from a homemade unit.

The technical characteristics of the future heating device and its efficiency depend on the choice of barrel. In order to assemble a potbelly stove yourself, you need to prepare a metal tank, the recommended volume of which is 200 liters. Of course, it is possible to make a stove from a smaller container, but in this case the efficiency of the heating device, which is already quite low, decreases.

To assemble a potbelly stove with your own hands, you can use any metal barrels made of steel material. Steel has good resistance to high temperatures, so its use for assembling a heating unit is more than justified. For the same purpose, you can use barrels that were used for storage:

• oils;

• paints;
• fuel;
• bitumen;
• liquid glass;
• sand

All containers produced and used for storing various compositions are divided into types according to several criteria. First of all, they can be with or without a closed top. And also such tanks differ from each other in the thickness of the bottom and the open cylindrical structural element (shell). Regardless of the type, to make a metal stove with your own hands, you need to pre-clean the tank.

The service life of such a stove in any case depends on the thickness of the walls of the barrel. Based on this, it is not recommended to use tanks with a wall thickness of less than 2 mm to assemble the heating unit. The shelf life of the device is also affected by the frequency of its use.

Note! The most appropriate is the use of barrels made from stainless steel. This material has the highest technical characteristics, including resistance to high temperatures.

Before you begin assembling the unit, you must complete a drawing of a long-burning furnace. The more detailed it is, the less likely it is to make mistakes during the design of the heating device.

Types of stoves depending on location: vertical model

Depending on the plane in which the metal tank will be located, there are two types of homemade potbelly stoves: vertical and horizontal. Each of these types of heating devices has its own advantages and disadvantages.

A vertical barrel stove is installed not on the floor, but on legs. To make the door, you will need to cut out the side of the tank and provide it with hinges. It is important to remember that the hinges must be fixed to the barrel and door not from the inside, but from the outside.

A mandatory element of this design is a perforated metal plate, which is called a grate. To fix such a grille, you can use ordinary corners. In order to make a blower, you will need to prepare a metal pipe with a gate valve. The thickness of the metal walls must be sufficient, otherwise the structure will quickly burn out.

The damper for a long-burning wood-burning stove, located in a vertical plane, is fixed with special bolts. When igniting fuel inside the tank, open the blower as far as possible.

A hole in the shape of a circle must be made in the upper part of the canister. It will be needed to connect a chimney structure to a homemade stove. The pipe is joined to a metal surface using welding equipment.

The function of the grate is to protect the bottom of the canister from burning out, as well as to retain thermal energy. Thus, this element is necessary when installing a homemade long-burning stove.

Design features are determined depending on the purpose of the device and the place where it will be located. If you wish, you can download a ready-made drawing of a potbelly stove on the Internet. However, in this case it is necessary not to make a mistake with its volume.

The vertical version of a homemade heating device is easy to assemble. You can find application for such a unit both in a private home and in the country. The firewood used to light a heating device of this type is selected depending on the dimensions of the firebox.

Barrel stove: features of the horizontal model

From a barrel with a volume of 200 liters, you can also make a heating device located in a horizontal plane. In this case, it is also necessary to prepare a supporting structure. Its height is calculated taking into account individual operational characteristics. When choosing this indicator, first of all you need to focus on the dimensions of the room in which the homemade heating device will be installed.

In the drawing of the furnace, you need to take into account the features of its location. The assembly of such a structure occurs in almost the same way as in the case of a vertical heating device. Let's take a closer look at the process of making a potbelly stove from a metal canister yourself.

Note! The dimensions of the ash pan should not exceed 1/3 of the height of the canister. The size of a 200 liter barrel (more precisely, the height) is usually 85 cm.

A hole must be made in the bottom of the tank, which will be used to remove ash. At the same time, you need to understand that its parameters should not be too large. Next you will need to make an ash pan. The material used for this element is a regular metal sheet of appropriate thickness. Then it should be docked with the bottom of the heating device. For this purpose it is customary to use welding equipment.

Related article:

Principle of operation. Device types. Factory assembled models. Making a furnace for testing with your own hands, design options.

When arranging the ash pan, it is necessary to provide an inspection window through which this compartment will be cleaned. Next, the chimney structure is installed. In this case, there are two common options for locating the pipe - on the back wall or in the upper part.

A long-burning potbelly stove, located in a horizontal plane, can be used not only for heating garages, basements and outbuildings, but also for cooking. For this purpose it is equipped with a special hob. This device is mobile, so it can be taken out into nature.

How to make a stove with your own hands: preparatory stage

Before you start assembling a potbelly stove from a barrel, you should purchase the necessary tools and materials. It is also very important to prepare the tank itself, since not every tank is suitable for constructing a solid fuel heating device. During the manufacturing process you will need:

• two barrels (200 l);
• door;
• grate;
• sheet metal;
• metal corners;
• rods;
• metal pipe;
• brick (fireproof);
• Bulgarian;
• drill;
• welding equipment.

Installation is carried out in accordance with the stove diagram completed in advance. It’s worth saying right away that the barrel for making a potbelly stove must be prepared before starting work. To do this, the paint and varnish material is removed from the surface of the container. If you ignore this stage, then during operation the stove will emit acrid smoke that is harmful to health for some time.

For those who care about the appearance of the future device, experts recommend sanding the container after removing the paint. A regular metal grinder is suitable for this purpose.

In addition to removing the paint, you will need to cut two rectangular windows in the body of the canister. When performing this work, you should be careful, since the removed segments will be used as doors in the future. After cutting out the windows, you need to sand the edges of the holes with a sander. This will smooth them out, which will ensure convenient and safe use of the wood-burning stove. It won’t be difficult to do all the steps with your own hands. Any beginner can do this job.

Note! The door used for the firebox must be larger than the flap for the ash pan.

The last thing to do during the preparation stage is to remove the top of the container. This must be done in order to install the grate.

Stove from a 200 liter barrel: dimensions and installation of the grate

Metal reinforced rods are used to assemble the grate. The diameter of a standard canister that has this volume is usually 571.5 mm. When assembling the grate, you need to take this indicator into account. In any case, it should be smaller.

The grate is installed between the doors of the firebox and the ash pan. Metal corners are used to secure it. Video materials on this topic allow you to give a more accurate answer to the question of how to make a stove with your own hands using a barrel.

When making an ash pan, you should take into account approximately how much fuel will be processed per day. Such homemade heating devices generate quite a lot of ash, so the recommended depth of the collecting compartment is 10-13 cm.

The doors for the ash pit and combustion tank must be enlarged using welding equipment and strips cut from metal sheets. The width of the strips should be approximately 2 cm. It is recommended to mark this stage of work in advance in the drawing of the potbelly stove. You will need to design handles with your own hands. The simplest option involves welding individual pieces of reinforcement to the doors. Then you need to install the hinges.

The next stage involves assembling the supporting elements. In order to make the legs, you need to prepare sections of dense reinforcement. And also for this purpose you can use metal corners, the thickness of which should be at least 3 mm. When choosing the optimal stand height, you must be guided by individual preferences. The standard distance from the floor to the heating device is 10 cm.

How to make a stove from a barrel: chimney preparation and final assembly

The place where the homemade potbelly stove will be installed must be prepared in advance. It is recommended to cover the floor and walls with metal sheets. This will protect the surfaces from the negative effects of high temperatures. The design of a stove made from a barrel necessarily requires a chimney. The best option is a removable device (pipe in pipe).

A removable chimney is quite easy to do yourself. To do this, you need to weld a pipe with a smaller diameter to the tank. The length of such a segment should be no more than 15 cm. Then a second pipe with a larger cross-section is simply put on. Specialized forums help answer the question of how to make a potbelly stove with your own hands. Before designing a heating device, it is recommended to read the advice of the experts.

Helpful information! Collapsible factory versions of chimneys are often used. It is not recommended to construct a one-piece pipe, since if it becomes clogged, it will be much more difficult to clean it from soot and fumes.

After the chimney is welded, you can proceed to the final stage - assembling the heating device. A stove made from a 200 liter barrel must be placed in a place prepared for its operation. Next, a grate made of reinforced rods is placed in it. Then you need to weld a lid with a narrow tube to the top of the barrel and put a wider pipe on the outlet. This completes the assembly of a homemade potbelly stove from a metal tank.

After the stove is ready, you need to test it. Such a device can be used not only for heating a room, but also for cooking. Some owners use a stove made from a 200-liter barrel to burn garbage.

Proper operation of such a heating device is the key to its long service life. In order for a potbelly stove made from a canister to serve for at least 5 years, regular preventive cleaning of the unit is required.

Rules for installing a homemade potbelly stove

Before installing the stove, you need to familiarize yourself with some rules. This will ensure maximum safety when working with the unit. First of all, it is worth remembering that the potbelly stove should be located only on a surface that is resistant to fire.

You can create a fire-resistant surface yourself. To do this, you will need to prepare a brick or ceramic tile. A platform is laid out from any suitable facing material. It is also recommended to protect the walls from the high temperature produced by a wood-burning stove.

Another way to protect work surfaces from heat is to use special fire-resistant drywall. It is important to remember that there should not be any flammable materials in the immediate vicinity of the stove.

If desired, you can make a potbelly stove with a water circuit. This heating option is more complex from a design point of view. It requires the organization of a heat exchanger, as well as pipe wiring.

Note! In a room that will be heated by such equipment, it is necessary to organize proper ventilation communication. It is most advisable to use a design that is of a forced type, since natural ventilation in this case may not be enough.

To make a potbelly stove, you should use only high-quality, reliable materials. Before starting work, it is recommended to study the video on this topic. Photos of stoves also help to understand the intricacies of assembly. A unit that has been made correctly can last for more than one year.

Thus, in order to make a stove from a metal barrel, you do not need to have any special knowledge. Strict adherence to the instructions, as well as an understanding of the operating principles of this device, is all you need to know to make a reliable unit.

Long-burning wood stove made from a barrel

We present to your attention a model of a long-burning heating stove, which its developer himself recognizes as the most optimal and accurate after several manufacturing options. Take a look first at the prototype, so to speak, of the Stropuv factory long-burning boiler of Lithuanian manufacturers.

But such a stove (photo below) can be purchased in an online store.

In the homemade long-burning wood-burning stove we are describing from a barrel, the principle of burning wood or other fuel from above is borrowed, with the fire lowering down as the wood burns, which just has the effect of prolonging the process. It was made for the first time several years ago by a man named bubafonya ( bubafonja- his nickname on the forum where he presented his idea). Therefore, his device and the stoves made by others following his example were called #8220 bubafoni stove #8221 or simply #8220 bubafonya #8221 in online discussions. The stove is really interesting and it is worth studying in more detail how the master created it. At the end of the article, videos with bubafons of other masters will also be posted.

First, take a look at the diagram of a long-burning stove.

The diagram shows that the stove operates non-standardly, combustion occurs from above, smoke goes into the side hole and further into the chimney. The pancake goes down as the fuel burns.

What materials were used?

An iron barrel for 200 liters a metal circle (pancake) with a diameter slightly smaller than the barrel 4 channels or corners 50-60 mm high with a length less than the radius of the pancake a 100 mm pipe for blowing a 150 mm pipe for a chimney 5 meters long.

How Bubafonya assembled the stove.

It was necessary to cut off the top edge of the barrel. After trying many methods, he settled on an angle grinder. So, the top of the barrel was cut off with a grinder.

The result was a neat cylinder, the bottom of which was sealed.

On the contrary, he bent the lid with its edges outward so that it would not slip, and placed it on the top of the barrel so that it would sit firmly and would not slip. Next, he took a pipe with a diameter of 100 mm, its length was adjusted to equal the height of the barrel. That is, the length of the pipe is equal to the height of the barrel. Using a chisel, the master made a hole in the center of this cover 2 mm larger than the diameter of our 100 mm pipe, that is, the hole diameter was approximately 102 mm. It is better not to weld the hole from the barrel cap, but simply screw in the cap and, during the operation of the long-burning stove, unscrew it and control the combustion process by looking into the firebox.

After that, on the top of the barrel he marked the place to which the chimney pipe would be connected.

At the next step, he made a hole at the marking site and welded a 150 mm pipe to the body. And immediately installed a shut-off valve inside the pipe. The body of the long-burning stove is ready.

Next, the air supply part was made. The author of the stove used another lid from a barrel, but you can take a circle cut out of metal with a smaller diameter than the diameter of the barrel. He took a 100 mm blower pipe and welded it in the center of a pre-cut hole in the internal screen #8211 to the up-and-down horizontal partition. If you repeat the stove, you need to adjust the pancake so that it is slightly smaller than the diameter of the barrel by a couple of centimeters around the perimeter. Along the perimeter of the pancake, the edges are bent for greater rigidity so that it does not curl due to high temperature. The photo shows the hole from the cork. The hole in the photo from the plug is open, but it needs to be welded, since during the operation of the oven, gases should flow upward only along the edges of this pancake.

I welded pieces of corners to the bottom of the pancake, but pieces of channel can also be used.

The air supply device is now ready. It is inserted inside the barrel. An adjustable damper is installed at the top of the air supply pipe. I welded a threaded pin vertically to the inner wall of the pipe, and made a hole under this pin at the edge of the valve so that the valve, which is mounted on the stud, would neatly close the pipe. Having installed the damper, I tightened it with a wing nut. By loosening the nut, moving the damper relative to the edge of the pipe and tightening the nut back, you can regulate the flow of air into the firebox.

Finally, the lid was installed on top and behold, the finished stove is in front of us.

How to make a chimney pipe.

The optimal pipe height is more than 5 meters for better traction. It is installed next to the stove. It is better to make the lower part on legs. It is strictly necessary to weld a ball valve under the knee. It is needed to drain the condensate created in the pipe. The stove is connected end-to-end to the elbow from the chimney and tightened with a clamp. You need to put fiberglass fabric under the clamp for better sealing. The wood burns completely. There is little ash produced; you can go a long time, up to 2 weeks, without removing it. However, you need to know that with an increase in ash, the duration of combustion decreases, since the volume of the combustion space becomes smaller.

Laying firewood and lighting a long-burning wood-burning stove.

Let's remove the cover. Let's take out the air supply device. Let's put firewood inside, preferably not higher than the lower edge of the chimney outlet. You can lay firewood with a diameter of up to 20 cm. Place small chips on the top layer of firewood. Pour just a little kerosene or waste oil on top of a rag or paper. Then we put the air supply part on top. We put the outer cover on the pipe. We open the blower valve and throw a lit rag there, inside the pipe. As soon as the firewood flares up with a characteristic crackling sound, you can completely close the blower damper. In this mode, it can work for a very long time, all day long.

This is the operating basis. Many craftsmen replicate the bubafoni stove, using not only barrels, but also other suitable blanks and materials.

You can also make such stoves from barrels.

Look at several of the videos presented for options for long-burning stoves.

Estonian barrel in a Kuban farm

Of the thousands of private farms in Kuban, the farmstead of the Filippovsky pensioners in the Kalininsky district is one of the most visited. And not only because the spouses Vera Ivanovna and Vladimir Vasilyevich successfully grow a wide variety of fruits, vegetables, berries and all kinds of living creatures, from rabbits to ducks. The interest of visitors is aroused by the very methods of farming of these residents of the Boykoponura farm - zealous and modern.

For example, drip irrigation has been established in greenhouses. And to save money on heating them, Estonian barrel technology is used. Once Vladimir Vasilyevich read about her in a magazine. And now I remembered the advice and made a simple unit myself. A stove made from a metal barrel with a capacity of 200 liters operates for 24 hours without additional loading. One load requires three small (banana) boxes of firewood. Anything can burn, even damp logs, but the better the wood, the more heat.

Firewood is placed tightly in the barrel, in a “well”, up to chimney opening No. 2, where a pipe is installed to remove smoke into the chimney pipe. If the connection in this place is not tight, the cracks must be covered with clay or asbestos. The chimney draft should be checked with a match. If it is clogged, the oven will not work and the smoke will go in the opposite direction. Therefore, it is advisable to take a chimney pipe of a larger diameter, from 150 to 250 mm, made of light steel, as for drainage or ventilation.

To ignite, says the owner of the farmstead, you need to put wood chips or paper near the chimney. I myself water this place (in the drawing it is indicated by the number 3) with diesel fuel. When the smoke goes into the chimney, an air pipe with a cross is placed on the firewood, like for a Christmas tree. Air enters inside through pipe No. 1 with a diameter of 60-100 mm and is supplied to the sides along the cross. The crosspiece can be made from a channel, or from the corner of an old bed - two pieces per side to make a channel with the ribs down. A tin cover is put on and welded onto the crosspiece. The diameter of the lid should be 40-50 mm smaller than the internal diameter of the barrel to create a gap between the lid and the walls through which the smoke rises and heats the barrel. Burning is slow, heat is transferred to the walls of the barrel. There is no open fire, so the oven is safe to use. It can be placed in a chicken coop, greenhouse, workshop.

According to the manager of the Kalinin additional office of Rosselkhozbank, Oleg Solovyov, the Filippovsky couple are one of the best clients of the Bank in the area. Three times they took out loans to develop their farm, which financial support helped to grow in new directions. Their farmstead can be called exemplary. By the way, the regional deputies, who visited the Filippovsky farm before discussing the issue “On the state of development of small forms of farming in the agro-industrial complex of the Kalinin region,” decided to generalize and promote their experience. And the chairman of the Legislative Assembly of the region, Vladimir Beketov, recommended to the deputy, the head of the Krasnodar compressor plant, to establish industrial production of a furnace based on the “Estonian barrel” technology. But Vladimir Vasilyevich continues to improve the design and soon, perhaps, an improved model will appear.

Dear readers, if you have invented or improved and are successfully using any equipment or device on your farm, please share your experience. We will be happy to publish your invention in this section of the Agro-Sputnik website. Descriptions, photographs and, of course, the author's signature are ready to be received by email. This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

How to make a stove from a barrel with your own hands

Probably more than one person wonders how to make a potbelly stove with your own hands? and how to make a potbelly stove correctly?

A do-it-yourself potbelly stove is a small-sized stove made from metal sheets. Such a stove can heat up a room very quickly (if it is not very large), but it also cools down just as quickly after the fuel stops burning.

If we talk about their shape, they can be very different (round, square, rectangular, conical or in the form of something), it depends on the imagination of the person who makes it.

But in this article we will focus on a hexagonal potbelly stove made from a barrel. Have you ever thought about how to make a potbelly stove out of a barrel?

1 – casing (barrel)

2 – fuel tank cap

3 – outlet pipe

5 – cover handle

6 – oven

7 – damper

8 – firebox

9 – ash compartment (ash pan)

10 – supporting bricks

11 – felt pad

12 – metal sheet.

In the picture you see a potbelly stove, in the development of which publicly available materials were used. First of all, we needed a barrel, the capacity of which is 200 liters, the height of the barrel is 850 millimeters. and the diameter is 600 millimeters. A hexagon with a side equal to 290-300 millimeters. This makes it possible to install standard furnace appliances practically without additional work.

This stove is very different from many homemade stoves of the same class. It differs as follows:

• the stove has a large firebox
• has an increased area due to the fact that the fuel combustion chamber is hexagonal
• volumetric ash pan with air regulator
• volumetric oven with lining
• The oven retains heat for a long time.

In addition, this stove has a good convection effect - this is the transfer of heat through air that passes through the channels located between the fuel block and the casing.

Do-it-yourself potbelly stove - assembly procedure

We will cook the fuel block, therefore, in order to prevent mistakes, it is necessary to make a template that can be cut out of thick paper (cardboard) or plywood.

1 – oven

2 – lining compartment

3 – fuel tank housing

4 – front panel of the ash compartment

5 – corner of the oven door frame

6 – upper plate of the lining compartment

7 – lining niche

8 – upper stop

9 – side panel of the fuel block housing

10 – support rod

11 #8212 intermediate plate

12 – corner of the firebox door frame

13, 14, 15 – bottom plates of the firebox

16 – grate saddle

17 – asbestos gasket

18 – door shell

19 – side wall of the ash pit

20 – door fastening bolt

21 – lower rack

22 – damper mounting bracket.

The template should be in the form of a regular hexagon, the sides of which are equal to 290 millimeters. Having made a template, you will not have any problems with assembly, you just need to assemble everything according to the template, attach it, and you can start welding.

• oven
• lining compartment
• ash compartment.